Management is to do any activity or task effectively and
efficiently. Efficiency refers to getting most output from the least amount of
input, and Effectiveness is described as “doing the right things” or doing
things which help the organization to achieve its goals. Management is also an academic discipline, which is studied in almost every higher
educational institute. It is social science discipline and its objective is to
study social organization and organizational leadership. Other programs of management
sciences are Bachelor of Commerce and Master of Business
Administration (M.B.A.),
Master of
Public Administration (MPA).
Management involves coordinating and overseeing the
work of others so that their activities are completed accurately.
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"Reading a book about management isn't going to make you a good manager any more than a book about guitar will make you a good guitarist, but it can get you thinking about the most important concepts."- Drew Houston-Co-founder and CEO-Dropbox |
Components
of Managements
- Planning
- Organizing
- Leading
- Controlling
- Commanding
Who
is a Manager
Manager is an
organizational member that tells and guide people “What to do and How to do”. A manager is someone who coordinates and
oversees the work and activities of other people so that goals of organization
can be achieved and accomplished. Job of a manager is not personal achievements;
it’s about helping other in doing their work.
Classification
of Managers
In an organization,
Managers are classified into three categories:
I.
Top Management
II.
Middle Management
III.
Lowest Managements
Top Management
is at upper level of organization. People of top management are responsible for
making organization wide decisions and establishing the plans and goal that
affect the organization. These people are usually titled President, Vice president, Managing Director, Chief Operation Officer,
Chief Executive Officer.
In Middle Management,
managers manage the work and activities of lower managers. They lie between
lower and Top management. They have titles Regional
managers, Area Managers, project leader.
In Lowest Management,
managers manage the work of non managerial people who are involved in producing
organizational products and servicing the organizational customers. There
managers have titles Office manager,
District manager, supervisors, shift managers.
Top management comprises less people. Middle management
contains more people as compare to Top management. And Lowest management
contain more people as compared to Top and Middle management.
Roles of managers:
- Interpersonal roles
- Informational roles
- Decision roles
Skills of Managers:
- Top management requires technical, HR, decision and conceptional skills.
- Middle management requires HR and technical skills.
- Lowest management requires technical skills.
Importance of Innovation to the
Manager’s job:
Innovation means doing things differently, exploring new
territory and taking risks. Innovation is not just for technologically advanced
and sophisticated organizations. Innovative efforts can be found in all types
of organizations. The examples of well reputed companies illustrates that
innovation is critical.
Importance of sustainability to
manager’s job:
Sustainability is defined as "companies
ability to achieve its business goals and increase long term shareholder value by
integrating economic, environmental and social opportunities into business strategies."
Sustainability means different things to different
people according to World Business Council for Sustainable Development it is
concerned with "meeting the needs of
people today without compromising the ability of future generations to meet
their own needs"
Why Study Management
Study of management is very important.If one in
majoring in accounting or marketing or any other field other than management,
he may not understand how studying management is going to help him. Management
is universally needed in all organizations.
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“Management is doing things right; leadership is doing the right things.”-Peter Drucker- Management consultant |
We get frustrated when we spend more than two
hours in a government office for renewal of driving license. We get annoyed
when none of the sales person is intrested to help you.
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“In every business, in every industry, management does matter."Michael Eisner-CEO,The Walt Disney Company |
These all are the examples of problems caused due
to bad management. Organizations that are well managed, develop a loyal
customer base, grow and prosper even during challenging times.
Rewards and challenges of being
manager
There are a lot of challenges that are faced by a
manager. Managers often have to deal with a reality of personalities and have
to make with limited resources. It can be challenging to motivate workers in
the face of uncertainty.
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“Leadership is working with goals and vision; management is working with objectives.”-Russel Honore |
Despite these challenges, being manager can be
rewarding. As a manager, one often have the opportunity to think creatively and
use his imagination.
Challenges
- Making right hiring decisions
- Terminating or losing a best performing employee
- Convincing or take stand in front of higher management
- Dealing with limited resources
- Do hard work
- Many have duties that are more clerical than managerial
- Have to deal with a variety of challenges
Rewards
- Create a work environment in which organizational member can work to best their ability
- Have opportunities to think creatively and use imaginatio
- Help others find and in fulfillment in work
- Having opportunities of leading.
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